Comparison Between AC and DC Transmissions

AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) transmissions transmit electrical energy. Each has its advantages and disadvantages, making them suitable for different applications. Here is a comparison:.

S.no	AC Transmission	DC Transmission
1	Requires three conductors for transmission and hence requires more copper material.	Requires two conductors for transmission and hence requires less copper material.
2	Inductance, capacitance, phase displacement and surge problems exist.	No such problems exist.
3	Voltage drop in the transmission line is more due to inductance.	Since no inductance exists, the voltage drop is less.
4	Poor voltage regulation.	Better voltage regulation.
5	Skin effect exists	Absence of skin effect
6	It requires more insulation, as the conductors have more potential stress.	Potential stress on the conductor is less and hence requires less insulation.
7	Corona loss and interference with communication circuits are more common.	Less corona loss and reduced interference with communication circuits.
8	Dielectric loss exists in the system.	Free from dielectric loss in the system.
9	Stability problems and synchronizing difficulties exist in the system.	DC transmission system is free from these problems.
10	AC voltage can be stepped up to transmit power.	DC voltage cannot be stepped up for transmission
11	Electrical energy can be generated at a high AC voltage.	A commutation problem exists when generating electrical energy at a high DC voltage.
12	Easy and cheaper to maintain an AC system.	Complex and costlier to maintain a DC system.
13	Difficult to construct.	Easier to construct.

Alternating current (AC) and Direct Correct (DC) transmissions have distinct characteristics that make them suitable for different applications. AC is the dominant form of power distribution due to its efficiency and ease of transformation. However, due to technological advancements, DC is gaining traction, especially for specific long-distance and renewable energy applications. The choice between AC and DC often depends on the specific requirements of the system and the distance involved.