The advantages of liquid fuels over solid fuels are as follows: Requirement of less space for storage Higher calorific value Easy handling and transportation Better control of consumption by using valves and number of burners Absence of danger from spontaneous combust…

Macroscopic and Microscopic views of thermodynamics are used to study the behavior of matter. Suppose the matter is investigated based on its behavior based on a certain amount or volume, without consideration of its properties at the molecular level. In that case, it…

Petroleum is the main source of liquid fuels , obtained from drilled wells under the Earth’s crust. Petroleum originated probably from organic matter such as fish and plants by bacterial action or distillation under pressure and heat. It consists of a mixture of gases,…

Solid fuels can be classified into two types, they are primary fuels and secondary fuels. Primary Fuels: Wood: It is the most commonly used and easily available natural fuel. It has been used for cooking and other purposes for centuries. The important constituents…

Natural gas: The main constituents of natural gas are methane (CH 4 ) and ethane (C 2 H 6 ). Its calorific value is nearly 21 MJ/m 3 . It is an alternate fuel for internal combustion engines, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG). Coal gas: It mainly consists of hydr…

In a liquid-cooling system , water or other solutions flow through the water jacket around the cylinder and cylinder head to absorb the heat. The hot liquid from the water jacket is cooled in the radiator, where circulated air absorbs the heat from the radiator. The co…

Comparison between work and internal energy can be made in the following ways. Comparison between work and internal energy can be made in the following ways. S.no Work Internal Energy 1 The work is the product of force and displacement in the direction…

The total energy of all the microscopic motion models is called internal energy (U) . Internal energy is the energy associated with the molecular structure and molecular activity of the system's constituent particles. In general, the individual molecules…

Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only change from one form to another. The law of conservation of energy  does not distinguish between valid and wasted  energy . The law neglects ‘losses’ from the closed system into the environment. In an energy conservati…

Some of the similarities between heat and work are described under. Heat and work are both transient phenomena. Systems never possess heat or work, but either or both cross the system boundary when a system undergoes a change of state. Both heat and work are boundary …

A Psychrometric chart can graphically represents the thermodynamic properties of air-water vapor mixture. Standard psychrometric charts are bounded by the dry-bulb temperature line (X – axis) and the vapor pressure or humidity ratio (Y – axis). The Left Hand Side of th…